Linked Open Data Nigeria (LOD-NG): nanotation

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Saturday, May 9, 2015

Muhammadu Buhari's Election Campaign Promises in Nanotation

My notes, in portable #nanotation form (comprehensible to both humans and machines), on promises made by President-elect Muhammadu Buhari to Nigerians during his political campaigns constructed from a blog post by Simon Ateba.

{
 
<>
a schema:WebPage, foaf:Document;
rdfs:label "Buhari's Election Promises"@en ;
rdfs:comment """
Buhari's promises to Nigerians during his political campaigns.
             """@en; 
schema:creator  ;
dcterms:created "2015-05-09T03:15:00-05:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;
dcterms:modified  "2015-05-09T03:15:00-05:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;
schema:about <#ElectionPromise> ;
dcterms:hasPart <#Promise1>, <#Promise2>, <#Promise3>, <#Promise4>,<#Promise5>,<#Promise6>,<#Promise7>,<#Promise8>,<#Promise9>,<#Promise10>,<#Promise11> ;
dcterms:source  ;
xhv:license   .


<#Buhari>
a foaf:Person ;
foaf:name "Muhammadu Buhari" ;
owl:sameAs dbpedia:Muhammadu_Buhari ;
schema:about , ,  . 


<#Promise1>
a schema:CommunicateAction ;
rdfs:label "Promise #1" ;
skos:altLabel "Electricty" ;
schema:agent <#Buhari> ;
schema:recipient dbpedia:Nigerians ;
schema:participant dbpedia:All_Progressives_Congress ;
schema:object """ Buhari promised to deliver 20,000 megawatts of electricity in four years to surpass Nigeria’s consumption level of around 15,000mw. """ @en ;
schema:mentions dbpedia:Power_Holding_Company_of_Nigeria, dbpedia:Nigeria, dbpedia:Electricity ;
dcterms:source  ;
dcterms:isPartOf  ;
schema:creator  ;
schema:about <> .


<#Promise2>
a schema:CommunicateAction ;
rdfs:label "Promise #2" ;
skos:altLabel "Exchange Rate" ;
schema:agent <#Buhari> ;
schema:recipient dbpedia:Nigerians ;
schema:participant dbpedia:All_Progressives_Congress ;
schema:object """ Sometime around March 23 in Owerri, Imo State, Buhari promised to make naira equal to dollar. """ @en ;
schema:mentions dbpedia:Nigeria, dbpedia:Nigerian_naira, dbpedia:Dollar ;
dcterms:source  ;
dcterms:isPartOf  ;
schema:creator  ;
schema:about <> .


<#Promise3>
a schema:CommunicateAction ;
rdfs:label "Promise #3" ;
skos:altLabel "Employment" ;
schema:agent <#Buhari> ;
schema:recipient dbpedia:Nigerians ;
schema:participant dbpedia:All_Progressives_Congress ;
schema:object """ Around January 25, Buhari promised to create one million jobs for Igbo youths by revamping huge coal deposits in Enugu State for generation of electricity and export """ @en ;
schema:mentions dbpedia:Nigeria, dbpedia:Employment,dbpedia:Nigerian_Coal_Corporation, dbpedia:Electricity ;
dcterms:source  ;
dcterms:isPartOf  ;
schema:creator  ;
schema:about <> .


<#Promise4>
a schema:CommunicateAction ;
rdfs:label "Promise #4" ;
skos:altLabel "Housing" ;
schema:agent <#Buhari> ;
schema:recipient dbpedia:Nigerians ;
schema:participant dbpedia:All_Progressives_Congress ;
schema:object """ Sometime around December 18, Buhari told the nation that he will create around 4 million new home owners by 2019 """ @en ;
schema:mentions dbpedia:Nigeria, dbpedia:Affordable_housing, dbpedia:Housing ;
dcterms:source  ;
dcterms:isPartOf  ;
schema:creator  ;
schema:about <> .



<#Promise5>
a schema:CommunicateAction ;
rdfs:label "Promise #5" ;
skos:altLabel "Industry" ;
schema:agent <#Buhari> ;
schema:recipient dbpedia:Nigerians ;
schema:participant dbpedia:All_Progressives_Congress ;
schema:object """ During his campaign in Lokoja sometime around January 17, Buhari pledged to revive Ajaokuta Steel Company. He said he would resuscitate the company which had been out of production for the past five years. """ @en ;
schema:mentions dbpedia:Nigeria, dbpedia:Ajaokuta ;
dcterms:source  ;
dcterms:isPartOf  ;
schema:creator  ;
schema:about <> .


<#Promise6>
a schema:CommunicateAction ;
rdfs:label "Promise #6" ;
skos:altLabel "Transportation" ;
schema:agent <#Buhari> ;
schema:recipient dbpedia:Ekiti_State ;
schema:participant dbpedia:All_Progressives_Congress ;
schema:object """ He also promised to build an airport in Ekiti State, which someone called a deceit. """ @en ;
schema:mentions dbpedia:Nigeria, dbpedia:Airport, dbpedia:Ekiti_State ;
dcterms:source  ;
dcterms:isPartOf  ;
schema:creator  ;
schema:about <> .


<#Promise7>
a schema:CommunicateAction ;
rdfs:label "Promise #7" ;
skos:altLabel "Poverty" ;
schema:agent <#Buhari> ;
schema:recipient dbpedia:Nigerians ;
schema:participant dbpedia:All_Progressives_Congress ;
schema:object """ He also promised to make direct cash transfer of NGN 5,000 to the 25 million poorest and most vulnerable citizens, if they immunize children and enroll them in school. """ @en ;
schema:mentions dbpedia:Nigeria, dbpedia:Poverty_in_Nigeria ;
dcterms:isPartOf  ;
schema:creator  ;
schema:about <> .


<#Promise8>
a schema:CommunicateAction ;
rdfs:label "Promise #8" ;
skos:altLabel "Education" ;
schema:agent <#Buhari> ;
schema:recipient dbpedia:Nigerians ;
schema:participant dbpedia:All_Progressives_Congress ;
schema:object """ I will provide 1 meal a day for children in public primary schools. """ @en ;
schema:mentions dbpedia:Nigeria, dbpedia:Education_in_Nigeria ;
dcterms:isPartOf  ;
schema:creator  ;
schema:about <> .



<#Promise9>
a schema:CommunicateAction ;
rdfs:label "Promise #9" ;
skos:altLabel "Oil and Gas" ;
schema:agent <#Buhari> ;
schema:recipient dbpedia:Nigerians ;
schema:participant dbpedia:All_Progressives_Congress ;
schema:object """ Revive and reactivate our minimally performing Refineries to optimum capacity; Make the industry and Nigeria one of the world leading/cutting edge centres for clean oil and gas technology; also producing leading world Oil and Gas technologist, scientists, and owing mega structure installations. """ @en ;
schema:mentions dbpedia:Nigeria, dbpedia:Petroleum_industry_in_Nigeria, dbpedia:Oil_refinery ;
dcterms:isPartOf  ;
schema:creator  ;
schema:about <> .



<#Promise10>
a schema:CommunicateAction ;
rdfs:label "Promise #10" ;
skos:altLabel "Women" ;
schema:agent <#Buhari> ;
schema:recipient dbpedia:Nigerians ;
schema:participant dbpedia:All_Progressives_Congress ;
schema:object """ Implementation of the 2005 National Gender Policy, which serves as a road map for the promotion of women’s empowerment and gender equality in Nigeria. """ @en ;
schema:mentions dbpedia:Nigeria, dbpedia:Woman, dbpedia:Women_in_Nigeria ;
dcterms:isPartOf  ;
schema:creator  ;
schema:about <> .



<#Promise11>
a schema:CommunicateAction ;
rdfs:label "Promise #11" ;
skos:altLabel "Security" ;
schema:agent <#Buhari> ;
schema:recipient dbpedia:Nigerians ;
schema:participant dbpedia:All_Progressives_Congress ;
schema:object """ He also promised to deal with Boko Haram with a few months. """ @en ;
schema:mentions dbpedia:Nigeria, dbpedia:Boko_Haram ;
dcterms:isPartOf  ;
schema:creator  ;
schema:about <> .




<#ElectionPromise>
a skos:Concept ;
rdfs:label "Election Promise"@en;
owl:sameAs dbpedia:Election_promise .   



a schema:WebPage, schema:BlogPosting;
rdfs:label "Just So We Don’t Forget; A Recap Of Buhari’s Promises – Simon Ateba" ;
schema:about <#Buhari> ;
schema:url  .



a foaf:Person ;
foaf:name "Emeka Okoye" ;
owl:sameAs ,  ;
schema:about ,   . 


}

Tuesday, March 10, 2015

Sample Nanotation on Election Data and Results

Sample Nanotation on Election Data

Nanotation,also known as micro Turtle , that describes an election that was held on the 21st of june 2014 in Nigeria is as follows:


	{

		@prefix schema:   .
		@prefix election:  .
		
		<>
		a schema:NewsArticle, election:Poll ;
		
		schema:name "Election Results";
		schema:headline "Election Results";

		schema:author [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Emeka Okoye" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		schema:creator [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Emeka Okoye" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		
		schema:about [
				  a schema:Thing ;
				  schema:name "Election" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	, 
		
		[
				  a schema:Thing ;
				  schema:name "Elections in Nigeria" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	; 
		
		schema:articleBody "your story or article goes here" ;
		schema:sourceOrganization 	[
				  a schema:Organization ;
				  schema:name "OpenDataNG" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	; 

		schema:provider [
				  a schema:Organization ;
				  schema:name "OpenDataNG" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;  
		
		election:hasElectionDate "2014-06-21"^^xsd:date ;
		election:hasConstituency  ;
		election:hasRegisteredVoters "733766"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasAccreditedVoters "369257"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasTotalBallots "360455"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasInvalidBallots "10089"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasValidBallots "350366"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasViolence "false"^^xsd:boolean ;
		election:isCandidate <#candidate1>, <#candidate2>, <#candidate3> ;
		election:hasElectoralFraud "false"^^xsd:boolean .
		
		<#candidate1> a election:Candidate ;
		schema:name "Ayodele Peter Fayose" ;
		election:isOfPoliticalParty  ;
		election:hasVotes "203090"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:isElected "true"^^xsd:boolean .

		<#candidate2> a election:Candidate ;
		schema:name "John Olukayode Fayemi" ;
		election:isOfPoliticalParty  ;
		election:hasVotes "120433"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:isElected "false"^^xsd:boolean .
		
		
		<#candidate3> a election:Candidate ;
		schema:name "Bamidele Michael Opeyemi" ;
		election:isOfPoliticalParty  ;
		election:hasVotes "18135"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:isElected "false"^^xsd:boolean .
		
	
	}

Friday, March 6, 2015

Linked Open Election Framework Implementation Guide for Nanotation

How to Publish Election Data in Nanotation

Subjects: Election , Linked Data , Semantic Web , Turtle

Introduction:

This guide will show you how to implement the Linked Open Election Data using Nanotation and the Linked Election Framework.

Nanotations, which are micro Turtle, are deployable from any social media/networking space or service that offers the ability to post plain text (Twitter Tweets, Facebook Posts, Google+ Posts, LinkedIn Posts, Blog Posts, Comments, Mailing List Posts etc.. ).

This guide assumes a basic knowledge of Nanotation. If you're new to the subject or just need some brushing up, we recommend that you read the Kingsley Idehen's post on Nanotation.

Solution:

First thing to do is to define the article or post that will host the election data:
```
	{

		@prefix schema:   .
		
		<>
		a schema:NewsArticle ;
		
	}
 
```
Please note that you can also use other Schema.org classes like schema:Article,schema:TechArticle, schema:BlogPost, schema:ScholarlyArticle as the document type.

Define the name and headline of the post.

 
	{

		@prefix schema:   .
		
		<>
		a schema:NewsArticle ;
		
		schema:name "Election Results";
		schema:headline "Election Results".
	
	}

Embed the author's name and profile URI (eg. Google+, WebID-Profile, DBpedia, Freebase, etc) :

	{

		@prefix schema:   .
		
		<>
		a schema:NewsArticle ;
		
		schema:name "Election Results";
		schema:headline "Election Results";

		schema:author [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Creator's name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		schema:creator [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Creator's name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	.
	
	}

Annotate the data, tags or subject associated with the article. You can define as many as possible using entities in Wikipedia, Freebase and Linked Open Data (LOD), delimited with commas :

 	{

		@prefix schema:   .
		
		<>
		a schema:NewsArticle ;
		
		schema:name "Election Results";
		schema:headline "Election Results";

		schema:author [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Creator's name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		schema:creator [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Creator's name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		
		schema:about [
				  a schema:Thing ;
				  schema:name "Election" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	, 
		
		[
				  a schema:Thing ;
				  schema:name "Elections in Nigeria" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	. 
	
	}

We're going to finish by annotating all of the data we've asserted concerning the article's associated entities.

Embed your news story or article within the attribute "articleBody" .

 	{

		@prefix schema:   .
		
		<>
		a schema:NewsArticle ;
		
		schema:name "Election Results";
		schema:headline "Election Results";

		schema:author [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Creator's name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		schema:creator [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Creator's name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		
		schema:about [
				  a schema:Thing ;
				  schema:name "Election" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	, 
		
		[
				  a schema:Thing ;
				  schema:name "Elections in Nigeria" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	; 
		
		schema:articleBody "your story or article goes here" .
	
	}

Embed the election results. See subsequent steps on how to embed election polling data.

Define and setup your poll and add the election schema.

 
 	{

		@prefix schema:   .
		@prefix election:  .
		
		<>
		a schema:NewsArticle, election:Poll ;
		
		schema:name "Election Results";
		schema:headline "Election Results";

		schema:author [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Creator's name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		schema:creator [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Creator's name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		
		schema:about [
				  a schema:Thing ;
				  schema:name "Election" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	, 
		
		[
				  a schema:Thing ;
				  schema:name "Elections in Nigeria" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	; 
		
		schema:articleBody "your story or article goes here" .
	
	}

Add and update the attributes of the poll and candidates

 	{

		@prefix schema:   .
		@prefix election:  .
		
		<>
		a schema:NewsArticle, election:Poll ;
		
		schema:name "Election Results";
		schema:headline "Election Results";

		schema:author [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Creator's name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		schema:creator [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Creator's name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		
		schema:about [
				  a schema:Thing ;
				  schema:name "Election" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	, 
		
		[
				  a schema:Thing ;
				  schema:name "Elections in Nigeria" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	; 
		
		schema:articleBody "your story or article goes here" ;
		
		election:hasElectionDate "2014-06-21"^^xsd:date ;
		election:hasConstituency  ;
		election:hasRegisteredVoters "733766"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasAccreditedVoters "369257"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasTotalBallots "360455"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasInvalidBallots "10089"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasValidBallots "350366"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasViolence "false"^^xsd:boolean ;
		election:isCandidate <#candidate1>, <#candidate2>, <#candidate3> ;
		election:hasElectoralFraud "false"^^xsd:boolean .
		
		<#candidate1> a election:Candidate ;
		schema:name "Ayodele Peter Fayose" ;
		election:isOfPoliticalParty  ;
		election:hasVotes "203090"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:isElected "true"^^xsd:boolean .

		<#candidate2> a election:Candidate ;
		schema:name "John Olukayode Fayemi" ;
		election:isOfPoliticalParty  ;
		election:hasVotes "120433"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:isElected "false"^^xsd:boolean .
		
		
		<#candidate3> a election:Candidate ;
		schema:name "Bamidele Michael Opeyemi" ;
		election:isOfPoliticalParty  ;
		election:hasVotes "18135"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:isElected "false"^^xsd:boolean .
	
	
	}

Finally, you can add the provider organization data. The url attribute should be the website URL of the news or blogger organization while the name of the organization is added to the name attribute:


 	{

		@prefix schema:   .
		@prefix election:  .
		
		<>
		a schema:NewsArticle, election:Poll ;
		
		schema:name "Election Results";
		schema:headline "Election Results";

		schema:author [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Creator's name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		schema:creator [
				  a schema:Person ;
				  schema:name "Creator's name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;
		
		schema:about [
				  a schema:Thing ;
				  schema:name "Election" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	, 
		
		[
				  a schema:Thing ;
				  schema:name "Elections in Nigeria" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	; 
		
		schema:articleBody "your story or article goes here" ;
		schema:sourceOrganization 	[
				  a schema:Organization ;
				  schema:name "Your organization name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	; 

		schema:provider [
				  a schema:Organization ;
				  schema:name "Your organization name" ;
				  schema:url  ;
		
		]	;  
		
		election:hasElectionDate "2014-06-21"^^xsd:date ;
		election:hasConstituency  ;
		election:hasRegisteredVoters "733766"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasAccreditedVoters "369257"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasTotalBallots "360455"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasInvalidBallots "10089"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasValidBallots "350366"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:hasViolence "false"^^xsd:boolean ;
		election:isCandidate <#candidate1>, <#candidate2>, <#candidate3> ;
		election:hasElectoralFraud "false"^^xsd:boolean .
		
		<#candidate1> a election:Candidate ;
		schema:name "Ayodele Peter Fayose" ;
		election:isOfPoliticalParty  ;
		election:hasVotes "203090"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:isElected "true"^^xsd:boolean .

		<#candidate2> a election:Candidate ;
		schema:name "John Olukayode Fayemi" ;
		election:isOfPoliticalParty  ;
		election:hasVotes "120433"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:isElected "false"^^xsd:boolean .
		
		
		<#candidate3> a election:Candidate ;
		schema:name "Bamidele Michael Opeyemi" ;
		election:isOfPoliticalParty  ;
		election:hasVotes "18135"^^xsd:integer ;
		election:isElected "false"^^xsd:boolean .
		
	
	}

That is it.

Information:

The source and samples are on github.
View sample nanotation http://linkeddata.uriburner.com/about/html/http/linkedopendatang.blogspot.com/2015/03/sample-nanotation-on-election-data-and.html

Emeka Okoye

References

DBpedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBpedia

SPARQL - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPARQL

SPARQL Query Language for RDF - http://www.w3.org/TR/turtle/

Review Publishing for Everyone - http://kidehen.blogspot.com/2015/01/review-publishing-for-everyone.html

Nanotation - http://kidehen.blogspot.com/2014/07/nanotation.html

Keywords: linked data, election, semantic web, turtle

License: ODC Public Domain Dedication and Licence (PDDL)